Do you know what an acoustic neuroma is?
An acoustic neuroma is
a noncancerous growth that appears on the eighth cranial nerve. The
vestibulocochlear nerve, often known as the auditory nerve, connects the inner
ear to the brain
and is divided into two segments. One half is responsible for sound
transmission, while the other aids in the transmission of balancing information
from the inner ear to the brain Acoustic neuromas, also known as vestibular
schwannomas or neurilemmomas, often grow slowly over time. Although they do not
invade the brain, they can exert pressure on it as they grow. Larger tumours
can strain on neighbouring cranial nerves that govern facial expression and
sensory muscles. If tumors develop large enough to press on the brain stem or
cerebellum, they can be deadly.
Symptoms
The first symptom is
typically a gradual loss of hearing in one ear, which is frequently accompanied
by ringing in the ear (tinnitus) or a sensation of fullness in the ear.
Acoustic neuromas are less prevalent causes of abrupt hearing loss.
Other indications,
which may occur over time, include:
- Problems with balance
- Vertigo (feeling like the world is spinning)
- Facial numbness and tingling, which may be constant or come and go
- Facial weakness
- Taste changes
- Difficulty swallowing and hoarseness
- Headaches
- Clumsiness or unsteadiness
- Confusion
If you have any of
these symptoms, you should consult your doctor right once. Symptoms such as
clumsiness and mental disorientation can indicate a significant condition that
necessitates immediate care.
Causes
Acoustic neuroma is
classified into two types: sporadic and a form associated with a disease known
as neurofibromatosis type II (NF2). NF2 is a hereditary disease that causes
noncancerous tumours to form in the nervous system. Acoustic neuromas are the
most common of these tumours, and they frequently affect both ears by the age
of 30.
NF2 is a rare genetic
disease. It accounts for only 5% of all acoustic neuromas. This means that the
great majority are sporadic. The aetiology of the sporadic type is unknown to
doctors. Exposure to large amounts of radiation, particularly to the head and
neck, is one established risk factor for acoustic neuroma.
Treatments
- There are three main paths of treatment for acoustic neuroma:
- Observation
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Choosing the right treatment depends on a number of factors, including:
- The tumor's size
- Whether or not the tumour is expanding
- Age
- Other medical issues you could have
- The severity of your symptoms and the influence they have on your life
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